错误及原因

当Java客户端请求实现https协议的服务时，出现异常：’unable to find valid certification path to requested target’

是因为服务期端的证书没有被认证，需要做的是把服务端证书导入到Java keystore。

解决方法

使用下面的类安装证书

package com.shanhy.caogen;/* * Copyright 2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * *   - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * *   - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the *     documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * *   - Neither the name of Sun Microsystems nor the names of its *     contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived *     from this software without specific prior written permission. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS * IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, * THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. */import java.io.*;import java.net.URL;import java.security.*;import java.security.cert.*;import javax.net.ssl.*;/** * 安装证书 * * @author   单红宇(365384722) * @myblog  http://blog.csdn.net/catoop/ * @create    2016年4月14日 */public class InstallCert {
         // 我们要访问的HTTPS服务，如访问 https://www.shanhy.com    public static final String hostName = "www.shanhy.com";    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {        args = new String[]{hostName};        String host;        int port;        char[] passphrase;        if ((args.length == 1) || (args.length == 2)) {            String[] c = args[0].split(":");            host = c[0];            port = (c.length == 1) ? 443 : Integer.parseInt(c[1]);            String p = (args.length == 1) ? "changeit" : args[1];            passphrase = p.toCharArray();        } else {            System.out.println("Usage: java InstallCert 
     
      [:port] [passphrase]");            return;        }        File file = new File("jssecacerts");        if (file.isFile() == false) {            char SEP = File.separatorChar;            File dir = new File(System.getProperty("java.home") + SEP + "lib" + SEP + "security");            file = new File(dir, "jssecacerts");            if (file.isFile() == false) {                file = new File(dir, "cacerts");            }        }        System.out.println("Loading KeyStore " + file + "...");        InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);        KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());        ks.load(in, passphrase);        in.close();        SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");        TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());        tmf.init(ks);        X509TrustManager defaultTrustManager = (X509TrustManager) tmf.getTrustManagers()[0];        SavingTrustManager tm = new SavingTrustManager(defaultTrustManager);        context.init(null, new TrustManager[] { tm }, null);        SSLSocketFactory factory = context.getSocketFactory();        System.out.println("Opening connection to " + host + ":" + port + "...");        SSLSocket socket = (SSLSocket) factory.createSocket(host, port);        socket.setSoTimeout(10000);        try {            System.out.println("Starting SSL handshake...");            socket.startHandshake();            socket.close();            System.out.println();            System.out.println("No errors, certificate is already trusted");        } catch (SSLException e) {            System.out.println();            e.printStackTrace(System.out);        }        X509Certificate[] chain = tm.chain;        if (chain == null) {            System.out.println("Could not obtain server certificate chain");            return;        }        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));        System.out.println();        System.out.println("Server sent " + chain.length + " certificate(s):");        System.out.println();        MessageDigest sha1 = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");        MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");        for (int i = 0; i < chain.length; i++) {            X509Certificate cert = chain[i];            System.out.println(" " + (i + 1) + " Subject " + cert.getSubjectDN());            System.out.println("   Issuer  " + cert.getIssuerDN());            sha1.update(cert.getEncoded());            System.out.println("   sha1    " + toHexString(sha1.digest()));            md5.update(cert.getEncoded());            System.out.println("   md5     " + toHexString(md5.digest()));            System.out.println();        }        System.out.println("Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or 'q' to quit: [1]");        String line = reader.readLine().trim();        int k;        try {            k = (line.length() == 0) ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(line) - 1;        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {            System.out.println("KeyStore not changed");            return;        }        X509Certificate cert = chain[k];        String alias = host + "-" + (k + 1);        ks.setCertificateEntry(alias, cert);        OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("jssecacerts");        ks.store(out, passphrase);        out.close();        System.out.println();        System.out.println(cert);        System.out.println();        System.out.println("Added certificate to keystore 'jssecacerts' using alias '" + alias + "'");    }    private static final char[] HEXDIGITS = "0123456789abcdef".toCharArray();    private static String toHexString(byte[] bytes) {        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(bytes.length * 3);        for (int b : bytes) {            b &= 0xff;            sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b >> 4]);            sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b & 15]);            sb.append(' ');        }        return sb.toString();    }    private static class SavingTrustManager implements X509TrustManager {
             private final X509TrustManager tm;        private X509Certificate[] chain;        SavingTrustManager(X509TrustManager tm) {            this.tm = tm;        }        public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();        }        public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();        }        public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {            this.chain = chain;            tm.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);        }    }}
     

该类为包含main方法的入口类，直接运行即可。

执行完毕后，在执行该类的当然目录中找到生成的 jssecacerts 文件，然后拷贝该文件到JDK中，如我的是放到：……\jdk1.8.0_60\jre\lib\security 中。

最后再使用之前的Java代码请求HTTPS接口，就不会出现错误了。